Ⅰ.Uhlalutyo lweMiba ephambili enempembelelo
1. Impembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo we-carbon neutral
Ngexesha le-75 ye-UN General Assembly kwi 2020, I-China yacebisa oko “Ukukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside kufuneka kunyuke 2030 kunye nokufezekisa i-carbon neutralization ngo-2060”.
Ngoku, le njongo ifakwe ngokusesikweni kwisicwangciso solawulo sikarhulumente waseTshayina, kwiintlanganiso zoluntu nakwimigaqo-nkqubo yoorhulumente basekhaya.
Ngokutsho kweteknoloji yokuvelisa yaseChina yangoku, Ukulawulwa kokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwixesha elifutshane kunokunciphisa imveliso yentsimbi kuphela. Ngoko ke, ukusuka kuqikelelo olukhulu, imveliso yentsimbi yexesha elizayo iya kuncitshiswa.
Lo mkhwa ubonakaliswe kwisetyhula ekhutshwe ngurhulumente kamasipala waseTangshan, Umvelisi omkhulu wentsimbi waseTshayina, ngoMatshi 19,2021, kumanyathelo okunika ingxelo okunciphisa imveliso kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweentsimbi kunye namashishini ensimbi.
Isaziso sifuna oko, Ukwengeza kwi 3 amashishini asemgangathweni ,14 kumashishini aseleyo alinganiselwe 50 imveliso ngoJulayi ,30 ngoDisemba, kwaye 16 ngoDisemba.
Emva kokukhululwa ngokusemthethweni kolu xwebhu, amaxabiso entsimbi anyuke kakhulu. (nceda ujonge umfanekiso ongezantsi)
Umthombo: MySteel.com
2. Imiqobo yeteknoloji yeshishini
Ukuze ufezekise injongo ye-carbon neutralization, kurhulumente, ukongeza ekunciphiseni ukuveliswa kwamashishini anokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni enkulu, kuyimfuneko ukuphucula iteknoloji yemveliso yamashishini.
Ngoku, isalathiso sobuchwephesha bemveliso ecocekileyo eTshayina lulolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Intsimbi yesithando somlilo endaweni yentsimbi yesiko yesithando somlilo.
- I-Hydrogen energy steelmaking ithatha indawo yenkqubo yemveli.
Iindleko zangaphambili zonyuka nge 10-30% ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto ezilahliweyo, izibonelelo zamandla kunye nemiqobo yexabiso eChina, ngelixa le yokugqibela idinga ukuvelisa i-hydrogen ngamanzi e-electrolytic, ekwathintelwa ngemithombo yamandla, kwaye iindleko zinyuka 20-30%.
Ngexesha elifutshane, imveliso yentsimbi amashishini iteknoloji yokuphucula ubunzima, ayinakukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko umthamo kwixesha elifutshane, kunzima ukuchacha.
3. Impembelelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso
Ngokufunda iNgxelo yokuSetyenziswa koMgaqo-nkqubo weMali waseTshayina ekhutshwe yiBhanki eyiNtloko yaseTshayina, sifumanise ukuba ubhubhani omtsha uchaphazele kakhulu ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho, nangona i-China ithe ngokuthe ngcembe yaqala imveliso emva kwekota yesibini, kodwa kukudodobala koqoqosho lwehlabathi, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya, umzuzwana, Ikota yesithathu neyesine zamkele umgaqo-nkqubo wezemali obuthathaka.
Oku kukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekwenyukeni koqoqosho lwemalike, okukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu.
I-PPI iye yakhula ukususela ngoNovemba odlulileyo, yaye ulwando luye lwanda ngokuthe ngcembe. (I-PPI ngumlinganiselo wendlela kunye neqondo lotshintsho kumaxabiso emizi-mveliso yangaphambili yamashishini)
Umthombo: I-Bureau yeSizwe yaBalo-manani yaseTshayina
Ⅱ.Ukuqukumbela
Phantsi kwempembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo, Imakethi yentsimbi yaseTshayina ngoku ibonisa ukungalingani phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno kwixesha elifutshane. Nangona imveliso yentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kuphela kwindawo yaseTangshan ilinganiselwe ngoku, emva kokungena kwixesha lasekwindla nasebusika kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, amashishini okuvelisa intsimbi kunye nentsimbi kwezinye iindawo ezisemantla nawo aya kulawulwa, enokuthi ibangele impembelelo engaphezulu kwimarike.
Ukuba sifuna ukusombulula le ngxaki ukusuka kwingcambu, sifuna amashishini entsimbi ukuphucula iteknoloji yawo. Kodwa ngokutsho kwedatha, ngamashishini amakhulu ambalwa karhulumente entsimbi aqhuba ulingo lobuchule obutsha. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokuqikelelwa ukuba oku kungalingani kwemfuno yobonelelo kuya kuqhubeka ekupheleni konyaka.
Kwimeko yobhubhane, ihlabathi ngokubanzi lamkele umgaqo-nkqubo wemali oxekethileyo, I-China ayinjalo. Nangona, ukuqala kwi 2021, urhulumente wamkele umgaqo wolawulo-mali owomeleleyo ngakumbi ukuze kuthotywe ukuhla kwamandla emali, mhlawumbi ukuya kumlinganiselo othile wokunciphisa ukunyuka kwamaxabiso entsimbi. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweempembelelo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso angaphandle, isiphumo sokugqibela kunzima ukumisela.
Ngokumalunga nexabiso lentsimbi kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, sicinga ukuba iya kuguquguquka kancinci kwaye inyuke kancinci.
Ⅲ.Isalathiso
[1] Imfuno yokuba “iqinile”! Ukunyuka kwekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kuqhuba uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu woshishino lwentsimbi.
[2] Le ntlanganiso icwangcise i “14Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu” kwincopho yekhabhoni kunye nomsebenzi wokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
[3] Tangshan Iron kunye Steel: Izithintelo zemveliso zonyaka zigqithiwe 50%, kwaye amaxabiso afike kwi-13 yeminyaka ephezulu.
[4] IBhanki yaBantu yaseTshayina. Ingxelo yokuSebenza koMgaqo-nkqubo weMali waseTshayina we-Q1-Q4 2020.
[5] I-Ofisi yesiXeko saseTangshan yeQela eliKhokelayo kuThintelo noLawulo loNgcoliseko loMoya. Isaziso malunga nokuNika iNgxelo yoMthintelo weMveliso kunye neMilinganiselo yokuNcitshiswa kokuKhutshwa koShishino lweNsimbi.
[6]WANG Guo-Juni，ZHU Qing-de，I-WEI Guo-li.Uthelekiso lweNdleko phakathi kwe-EAF Steel kunye ne-Converter Steel,2019[10]
Ukuzihlangula:
Ukuqukunjelwa kwengxelo kubhekiselwa kuphela.