Ⅰ.Ukuhlaziywa Kwezici Eziyinhloko Ezinomthelela
1. Umthelela wenqubomgomo ye-carbon neutral
Ngesikhathi soMhlangano Jikelele wama-75 we-UN 2020, I-China ihlongoze lokho “ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kufanele kudlule 2030 futhi kuzuzwe i-carbon neutralization ngo-2060”.
Okwamanje, lo mgomo ufakwe ngokusemthethweni ezinhlelweni zokuphatha zikahulumeni waseShayina, kokubili emihlanganweni yomphakathi kanye nezinqubomgomo zohulumeni basekhaya.
Ngokusho kobuchwepheshe bamanje bokukhiqiza baseChina, Ukulawulwa kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni esikhathini esifushane kunganciphisa kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi. Ngakho-ke, kusukela kwisibikezelo esikhulu, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kwesikhathi esizayo kuzoncishiswa.
Lokhu kuthambekela kukhonjisiwe kusekhula ekhishwe uhulumeni kamasipala waseTangshan, Umkhiqizi omkhulu wensimbi waseChina, ngoMashi 19,2021, mayelana nezinyathelo zokubika zokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamabhizinisi ensimbi nensimbi.
Isaziso sidinga lokho, Ngaphezu kwe 3 amabhizinisi ajwayelekile ,14 amabhizinisi asele anqunyelwe 50 ukukhiqizwa ngoJulayi ,30 ngoDecember, futhi 16 ngoDecember.
Ngemva kokukhululwa kwalo mbhalo ngokusemthethweni, izintengo zensimbi zenyuka kakhulu. (sicela uhlole isithombe esingezansi)
Umthombo: I-MySteel.com
2. Izingqinamba zobuchwepheshe bemboni
Ukuze kuzuzwe umgomo carbon neutralization, kuhulumeni, ngaphezu kokukhawulela ukukhiqizwa kwamabhizinisi anekhabhoni enkulu ekhishwayo, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bamabhizinisi.
Okwamanje, isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuhlanzekile eShayina simi kanje:
- Insimbi yesithando somlilo kagesi esikhundleni sokwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo.
- I-hydrogen energy steelmaking ithatha indawo yenqubo yendabuko.
Izindleko zangaphambili zenyuka ngo 10-30% ngenxa yokushoda kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, izinsiza zamandla kanye nezingqinamba zamanani e-China, kuyilapho lesi sakamuva sidinga ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen ngamanzi e-electrolytic, ephinde ivinjelwe yimithombo yamandla, futhi izindleko zikhuphuka 20-30%.
Esikhathini esifushane, izinsimbi zokukhiqiza amabhizinisi nobunzima bokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokushesha nezimfuneko zokunciphisa ukungcola. Ngakho umthamo esikhathini esifushane, kunzima ukululama.
3. Umthelela wokwehla kwamandla emali
Ngokufunda Umbiko Wokusetshenziswa Kwenqubomgomo Yezimali Yase-China okhishwe yiBhange Elikhulu LaseChina, sithole ukuthi ubhadane olusha lomqhele luthinte kakhulu ukusebenza kwezomnotho, nakuba i-China yaqala kancane kancane ukukhiqiza ngemva kwekota yesibili, kodwa ekuwohlokeni komnotho womhlaba, ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, owesibili, ikota yesithathu neyesine zamukele inqubomgomo yezimali exegayo uma kuqhathaniswa.
Lokhu kuholela ngqo ekwenyukeni kwemali yemakethe, okuholela emananini aphezulu.
I-PPI ibilokhu ikhula kusukela ngoNovemba odlule, futhi ukwanda kuye kwanda kancane kancane. (I-PPI isilinganiso senkambiso kanye nezinga loshintsho emananini angaphambili embonini yamabhizinisi ezimboni)
Umthombo: Ihhovisi Likazwelonke Lezibalo laseChina
Ⅱ.Isiphetho
Ngaphansi kwethonya lenqubomgomo, Imakethe yensimbi yaseChina manje iveza ukungalingani phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo esikhathini esifushane. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi nensimbi kuphela endaweni yaseTangshan kunqunyelwe manje, ngemva kokungena ekwindla nasebusika engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza insimbi nensimbi kwezinye izingxenye zasenyakatho nawo azolawulwa, okungenzeka kubangele omunye umthelela emakethe.
Uma sifuna ukuxazulula le nkinga kusuka empandeni, sidinga amabhizinisi ensimbi ukuze athuthukise ubuchwepheshe bawo. Kodwa ngokusho kwedatha, kuphela amabhizinisi amakhulu ensimbi kahulumeni ambalwa aqhuba ukulinga ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ngakho, kungabikezelwa ukuthi lokhu kungalingani kwesidingo sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kuzoqhubeka ekupheleni konyaka.
Esimeni sobhubhane, umhlaba ngokuvamile wamukela inqubomgomo yezimali exegayo, I-China ayihlukile. Nakuba, iqala ngo 2021, uhulumeni wamukela inqubomgomo yezimali eqinile ukuze kudambise ukwehla kwamandla emali, mhlawumbe ngezinga elithile ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhuphuka kwamanani ensimbi. Nokho, ngaphansi kwethonya lokwehla kwamandla emali kwamanye amazwe, umphumela wokugcina kunzima ukunquma.
Mayelana nentengo yensimbi engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka, sicabanga ukuthi izoguquguquka kancane futhi ikhuphuke kancane.
Ⅲ.Ireferensi
[1] Isidingo sokuba “kuqinile”! Ukuphakama kwekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yensimbi.
[2] Lo mhlangano wawuhlela “14Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu” umsebenzi wokuphakama kwekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni.
[3] I-Tangshan Iron nensimbi: Imikhawulo yokukhiqiza yonyaka yeqiwe 50%, futhi izintengo zifike phezulu eminyakeni eyi-13.
[4] IBhange Labantu LaseChina. Umbiko Wokwenziwa Kwenqubomgomo Yemali yase-China ye-Q1-Q4 2020.
[5] Ihhovisi leDolobha lase-Tangshan leQembu Eliholayo Lokuvimbela Nokulawula Ukungcoliswa Komoya. Isaziso Sokubika Ngokukhawulelwa Kokukhiqiza kanye Nezinyathelo Zokuncishiswa Kwezimboni Zensimbi.
[6]I-WANG Guo-jun，ZHU Qing-de，I-WEI Guo-li.Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezindleko Phakathi Kwensimbi ye-EAF ne-Converter Steel,2019[10]
Umshwana wokuzihlangula:
Isiphetho sombiko ngesethenjwa kuphela.