I-flange iyirimu ephumayo noma unqenqema olusetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili, ama-valve, noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza ndawonye. Imvamisa yenziwe ngensimbi futhi yakhelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumeka okuphephile nokuvuzayo. Ama-Flanges ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ukuvumela umhlangano olula nokuhlukaniswa kwemishini, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokufinyelela kokuhlolwa, ukuhlanza, kanye nokulungiswa. Baza ngobuningi obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu, futhi ingenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze ivumelane nezicelo ezithile. Ama-Flanges ayingxenye ebalulekile ezinhlokweni eziningi zezimboni, kufaka uwoyela negesi, Ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi.
Ama-Flanges ajwayele ukunamathela emaphethelweni amapayipi noma imishini esebenzisa ama-bolts noma i-welding. Zenzelwe ukubekezelela izingcindezi eziphakeme namazinga okushisa, futhi zivame ukwenziwa ngezinto ezifana ne-carbon yensimbi, insimbi engagqwali, noma insimbi ye-alloy. Ama-Flanges nawo anganikezwa noma afakwe ngaphakathi ngezinto ezifana nerabha noma ipulasitiki ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okwengeziwe ekugqwaneni nasekugqokeni. Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa kwabo ezinhlelweni zamapayipi, Ama-Flanges asetshenziswa futhi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi embonini yezimoto, imboni ye-aerospace, Umkhakha Wezokwakha.
Izinhlobo zama-flanges
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-Flanges, ngamunye unemiklamo yayo eyingqayizivele nenhloso. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ama-flanges zifaka ama-flanges entamo e-weld, Ama-Flanges ashelelayo, socket weld flanges, I-LAP FLANSE, izindilinga ezifakiwe, futhi ama-flanges ayimpumputhe. Ama-flanges entamo we-weld aklanyelwe ukufakwa ekugcineni kwepayipi noma kufanelekile, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa kwizicelo ezicindezelwe kakhulu. Ama-Flanges ashelelayo aklanyelwe ukuslayida ekugcineni kwepayipi noma kufanelekile, futhi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kwizicelo eziphansi zengcindezelo. Ama-Flanges weSsocket Weld afana nama-flanges entamo e-weld, Kepha ube ne-Slore Encane futhi yakhelwe ukufakwa ngqo kwipayipi. Ama-Flanges ahlanganisiwe we-Lap asetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kuvela khona ukuhlukaniswa okuvamile, Njengoba zingaqondakala kalula futhi ziboshwe ndawonye. Ama-Flanges ahlanganisiwe anentambo ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-flange, ukuvumela ukuthi bakhishwe kwipayipi noma kufanelekile. Ama-Flanges ayimpumputhe asetshenziselwa ukuvala ukuphela kwepayipi noma kufanelekile, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kulindelwe khona ukwanda okuzayo.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezivamile zama-flanges, Kukhona futhi ama-flanges akhethekile enzelwe izinhlelo ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, Ama-Orice Flanges asetshenziselwa ukukala izinga lokugeleza koketshezi ohlelweni lwamapayipi, Ngenkathi izimpumputhe ezibukeli zisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zohlelo lwe-piping ukuze zilungiswe noma zokulungisa. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi lusetshenziswe i-flange noma uhlobo luni lwe-flange, Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifaniswe kahle nepayipi noma kufanelekile ukuthi ixhunyiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuphephile nokuvuzayo.
Izinto ze-Flange namazinga
Ama-Flanges ajwayele ukwenziwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi insimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi ye-alloy, nezinye izinsimbi. Ukukhethwa kokuqukethwe kuncike kwizidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, kufaka phakathi izinto ezinjengengcindezi, izinga lokushisa, Ukumelana nokugqwala, futhi kubiza. Ngaphezu kwezinto eziyisisekelo, Ama-Flanges nawo anganikezwa noma afakwe ngaphakathi ngezinto ezifana nerabha noma ipulasitiki ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okwengeziwe ekugqwaneni nasekugqokeni. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha i-flange kulawulwa ngokuvamile ngamazinga embonini afana ne-ASME B16.5 ngama-flanges amaphayipi kanye nokufakelwa okufakiwe, echaza ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana, izinto zokwakha, nezidingo zokuhlola ama-Flanges asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi.
Ngaphezu kwamazinga ezimboni, Kukhona futhi amazinga aphesheya abusa ukwakheka nokwenziwa kwama-flanges. Ngokwesibonelo, Inhlangano Yomhlaba Wonke Yokulinganisa (Isethulo) ithuthukise amazinga afana ne-ISO 7005-1 Okwe-Metal Flanges ne-ISO 7005-2 Okwe-Iron Flanges. Lezi zindinganiso zinikeza imihlahlandlela yokwakheka, ubukhulu, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezidingo zokuhlola ama-flanges asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokunamathela kulezi zindinganiso, Abakhiqizi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ama-flanges abo ahlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokuphepha, ukwenza, kanye nokuthembela.
Ukufakwa kwe-Flange nokufakwa
Ukufakwa kwe-Flange nokufakwa kuyisinyathelo esibucayi ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okufanele kohlelo lwamapayipi. Lapho uhlanganisa ukuxhumana kwe-flange, Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuso obuhle buhlanzekile buhlanzekile futhi bukhululekile kunoma yiziphi izici noma ukulimala. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokusebenzisa ibhulashi le-wire noma i-abrasive pad ukususa noma yikuphi ukungcola, ukugqwala, noma ukukala kusuka endaweni yokuhlangana. Lapho ubuso buhlanzekile, Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-gasket ihambisana kahle nezimbobo ze-bolt kubuso be-flange. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuqinisekiseni uphawu olufanele lapho ama-bolts aqiniswa khona.
Lapho ufaka uxhumano lwe-flange, Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanele nosayizi wama-bolts namantongomane. Ama-bolts kufanele aqiniswe ngokulandelana okuthile futhi ngenani elithile le-torque ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-gasket icindezelwe kahle nokuthi ukuxhumana kungubufakazi bokuvuza. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ama-bolts aqiniswa aqiniswa ukuvikela ukulayisha okungalingani kwi-gasket kanye nokuvuza okungaba khona. Ngaphezu kwezinqubo ezifanele zokuqiniseka kwe-bolt, Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ubuso obuhle buhlanganisiwe buqondaniswe kahle futhi bufana komunye nomunye ukuze bavikele ukuhlanekezela noma ukulimala kwe-gasket.
Izicelo ze-Flange
Ama-Flanges asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezinhlotsheni eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Embonini kawoyela negesi, Ama-Flanges asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi, ama-valve, neminye imishini ekuhlaziyweni, izitshalo ze-petrochemical, kanye namapulatifomu okumba asogwini. Embonini yokucubungula amakhemikhali, Ama-Flanges asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma imithambo, abaphendulayo, amaphampu, neminye imishini ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali nasekukhiqizweni kwezindawo. Embonini yesizukulwane samandla, Ama-Flanges asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-turbines ye-Steam, okokubilisa, Ukushisa Okushibhile, neminye imishini ezitshalweni zamandla kanye nezindawo zamandla. Embonini yelashwa yamanzi, Ama-Flanges asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi, amaphampu, ama-valve, neminye imishini ezitshalweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi nezinhlelo zokuhambisa.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlelo zezimboni, Ama-Flanges nawo asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinye izimboni kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngokwesibonelo, zisetshenziswa embonini yezimoto ukuxhuma izinhlelo zokuqeda amandla nezinto zenjini, Embonini ye-Aerospace ukuxhuma imigqa yamafutha kanye nezinhlelo ze-hydraulic, nasemkhakheni wezokwakha ukuxhuma izinhlelo ze-HVAC kanye nokulungiswa kwamapayipi. Akunandaba noma ngabe uhlelo lokusebenza oluthile, Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo olufanele lwe-flange lukhethiwe izidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuphephile nokuvuzayo.
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ze-flange nezixazululo
Naphezu kokubaluleka kwabo ezinhlelweni zamapayipi, Ama-Flanges angathola izinkinga ezahlukahlukene ezingathinta ukusebenza kwazo nokwethenjwa. Inkinga eyodwa evamile ivuza ku-Flange uxhumano, Okungabangelwa yizinto ezifana nokukhethwa okungafanele kwe-gasket noma ukufakwa, ukungalingani kwe-bolt kuyaqinisa, noma ukulimala kobuso obuhle obuhle. Ukubhekana nalolu daba, Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela uxhumano lwe-flange nganoma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza nokuthatha isenzo sokulungisa njengoba kunesidingo. Lokhu kungafaka ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket ngezinto ezifanele noma ukwakheka, Ukuqinisa kabusha ama-bolts ngendlela elandelanayo ethile nenani le-torque, noma ukulungisa noma yimuphi umonakalo obhekene nobuso be-flange.
Enye inkinga evamile ngama-flanges ukuthuthuka noma ukuguguleka kwezindawo zokuhlangana, okungaholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kokubekwa uphawu nokuvuza okungaba khona. Lokhu kungabangelwa yizinto ezifana nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali awonakalisayo noma amanani aphezulu okugeleza kwamapayipi. Ukubhekana nalolu daba, Kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto zokwakha i-flange emelana nokugqwala noma ukuguguleka, njengensimbi engagqwali noma insimbi ye-alloy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Kungadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe izimbobo zokuvikela noma izinsimbi ezingxenyeni ze-aiting ze-flange ukuze zinikeze ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe ekugqwaneni noma ekuguguleni.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-flange nokucatshangelwa kokuphepha
Ukulungiswa okufanele kwama-flanges kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwabo kwesikhathi eside kanye nokwethembeka ezinhlelweni zamapayipi. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlola okujwayelekile kokuxhunywa kwe-flange kwezimpawu zokuvuza, ukugqwala, noma ukulimala, kanye nokuthatha isenzo sokulungisa njengoba kunesidingo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ama-bolts aqiniswa kahle ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze alondoloze ukuxhumana okuphephile nokuvuzayo. Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi ejwayelekile yokulungisa, Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela imihlahlandlela yezokuphepha lapho usebenza ngama-flanges ukuze uvikele izingozi noma ukulimala.
Lapho usebenza ngama-flanges, Kubalulekile ukugqoka imishini yokuvikela yomuntu siqu efanelekile (Ikhilongothobele) njengamagilavu, Izibuko Zokuphepha, nokuvikela ukuzwa ukuze kuvikeleke ekulweni nezingozi ezingaba khona njengemiphetho ebukhali noma imfucumfucu endizayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukulandela amasu afanelekile wokuphakamisa lapho uphatha ama-flanges asindayo noma amakhulu ukuze uvikele ubunzima noma ukulimala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abasebenzi abasebenza ngama-flanges baqeqeshelwe kahle imikhuba yokusebenza ephephile nezinqubo ukuze bavikele izingozi noma ukulimala. Ngokulandela lokhu kucatshangelwa kokugcinwa nokuphepha, Kungenzeka uqinisekise ukuthi amaflethi ayaqhubeka enza ngokuthembekile nangokuphepha ezinhlelweni zamapayipi iminyaka eminingi ezayo.